The Master Of Speech
June 2005

Shugborough Monument Is
A Masonic Altar
by Shannon Dorey




The Shepherd's Monument
Staffordshire, England ©Shannon Dorey

The code on the Shugborough monument at Staffordshire in Lichfield, England has been confusing theorists since it was first created in the 1760s. Rumours say the secret letters on the Shugborough monument are "hiding a set of instructions on how to find the Holy Grail, the chalice in which the blood of Jesus was collected, as it fell from his crucified wounds."1 My research ties the monument to the Merovingians and the Masonic Society through the ancient African Dogon religion. I believe the Dogon religion is the mystery pagan religion thought to have been lost to humanity.

My research indicates the letters on the Shugborough monument at Staffordshire in Lichfield, England, identify an Operative Masonic altar. The monument, which is found on the grounds at Shugborough Hall, the seat of the Earls of Lichfield, is tied to the Rosicrucians, hermeticism and the Merovingians. Evidence indicates the secret Operative Masonic society associated with the monument was a group that had been started by the Rosicrucian and alchemist, Elias Ashmole. He had been born in Lichfield, Staffordshire, England, 23 May 1617, and died in South Lambeth (London) in 1692.2

The Shugborough monument, which was later built to create a meeting place for this group, was constructed in the 1760s long after Ashmole's death. The Masonic altar at Shugborough was designed in reverse to Poussin's "Les Berger d'Arcadie" which was painted in 1637-39. It is the reversal of the painting to that of the monument that is the key to solving the letters found on the altar. The painting indicates the letters are supposed to be read in reverse.

Not only are the letters on the Shugborough monument reversed according to Poussin's painting, but the top letters are separated from the bottom letters because the top letters are also meant to be flipped. When flipped and reversed the top letters on the Shugborough monument spell MAVSONO or . In the early 1970's an actual tomb was located from Poussin's painting of the Shepherds monument on the outskirts of Arques approximately six miles from Rennes-le-Château,in south France.3

There are various clues to deciphering the Shugborough monument found at the church at Rennes-le-Château, which is also associated with the Masonic Society. For instance the original Visigothic Pillar that used to support the old altar was displayed upside down in the church.4 Another clue found in the church was a statue of Jesus being baptized by John where two upside down "Vs" were seen hanging from John's cross to form the letter "M". A picture of this is shown below.4a


© Alan Scott 2005

A mile or so east of Rennes-le-Château were the ruins of the Château of Blanchefort, fourth Grand Master of the Knights Templar, who presided over the order in the mid-twelfth century.5 The Templars are also related to the Masonic and pagan mythology associated with the Shugborough monument. The clues found at Rennes-le-Château may have been part of a Masonic ritual which had initiates identifying the meaning of the letters on the Shugborough monument.

I believe that those Masons who met at Rennes-le-Château were also connected to those from the Shepherd's monument through a secret political group involving the exiled Stuarts and their attempt to reclaim the English throne. The artist Poussin, who created the orignal painting of the Shepherds monument, was likewise connected to this group, which will be discussed in more detail later.

The second letter "A" and the third letter "V" represent the Masonic symbols of the compass and the square, which are meant to appear overlapping each other as shown below. Aside from the fact they represent the Masonic symbols, together they provide the "A" for the word MASON.



These next pictures show how the cross and square appeared on Masonic artefacts supporting the theory that these two letters were meant to be read together.

6    7

The clue for these "Vs" being read overlapped also appears at Rennes-le-Château where there is a framed picture of two triangles overlapping each other on a bookplate. The triangles are framed together with a picture of the demon Asmodeus in the museum at Rennes-le-Château. Asmodeus appears on top and the picture of the overlapping triangles appears below it.8

According to Simon Miles, the picture of the overlapping triangles or hexagram representing the Masonic "Vs", was thought to have been created by Berenger Saunière, who became the parish priest at Rennes-le-Château in 1885. The letters "BS" appear on the picture of the triangles, which is why it was assumed the drawing had been created by Berenger Saunière. As Miles points out, however, the picture of the triangles on the framed book plate is actually the frontpiece to Heinrich Madathanus "Aureum Seculum Redivivum", or "The Golden Age Revived", first published in Frankfurt in 1625. Madathanus was the pseudonym of Adrian von Mynsicht (1603-1638), an alchemist, esotericist and apologist for the Rosicrucians.9 This is important because of Elias Ashmole's relationship to the Rosicrucians and the fact he was also an alchemist. This is the picture of the overlapping triangles that was found on the bookplate and on the frontpiece to Heinrich Madathanus "Aureum Seculum Redivivum", or "The Golden Age Revived".



Miles pointed out that the symbol of the overlapping triangles is also prominently displayed on a monument in Rome, Italy, known as the Porta Alchemica, or "Alchemical Door". This door was covered in hermetic and alchemical symbols and quotations. It can be found in the walls of the Villa Palombara, located in the Piazza Vittore Emmanuele and was built around 1680 by the Marquis Massimigliano Palombara.10 On top of the centre of the archway of the Italian "Alchemical Door" is a head not unlike the head that appears on top of the Shugborough monument. There is also the bottom of a wreath that appears around the circle above the "Alchemical Door". Wreaths appear on the top of the Shugborough monument as well.

The symbol from the "Alchemical Door" was also compared by Mino Gabriele to the 21st emblem of Michael Maier’s Atalanta Fugiens, which is another alchemical manuscript published in Frankfurt in 1617. In the picture, a man with a pair of compasses is in the process of constructing the overlapping triangles or hexagram by drawing a triangle within a larger circle.11 Inside the triangle is a smaller circle and inside the circle is a picture of Adam and Eve. The compasses in the picture reiterate the hexagram's or the overlapping triangles' connection to the Masonic Society. A sea shell also appears in the foreground of the picture emphasizing its association to the Merovingians who are also connected to the Masonic Society through the pagan religion. This will be discussed in more detail later.

The picture from the front piece of the "Aureum Seculum Redivivum" appears yet again in another alchemical work entitled, "Donum Dei" by Simon Baruch, drawn by Adam McLean and shown below left. A book by Abraham Eleazar entitled, "Uraltes chymisches Werck", Erfurt, 1735, displayed Simon Baruch's engravings.12 In Eleazar's book, known as the book by Abraham the Jew, is another picture by Simon Baruch of two salamander type beings and a hill with what appears to be a rose growing from it. The rose was the symbol of the Rosicrucians. It was also drawn by Adam McLean and shown below right. These salamanders and rose also appear in the church at Rennes-le-Château.

   
© Adam McLean

All of these pictures were combined to create the statue found at the entrance to the church at Rennes-le-Château shown below. This statue was built under the direction of the parish priest, Berenger Saunière.


© Alan Scott 2005

In the picture of this statue, it shows Asmodeus on the bottom, a sea shell on his head, the salamanders and letters BS above the shell, and then the four angels above them. This is of course flipped to the framed picture in the museum of Asmodeus on the top, and the cover of the "Aureum Seculum Redivivum" with the overlapping triangles in the middle and the four angels, one in each corner, on the bottom. On the statue, the rose is in the centre of the cross above the angels. The rose and cross were the symbols of the "Rosy Croix" or Rosicrucians. The letters "BS" from the cover of the "Aureum Seculum Redivivum" also shows a reversal of the initials of Simon Baruch who created the two pictures shown above and found in the book by Abraham Eleazar, who was known as Abraham the Jew. The statue's location at the entrance of the church is important because it ties it to the "Alchemical Door".

The arms of the angels also appear reversed to each other, perhaps another clue to the reversal of the letters not only on the Shugborough monument but on the statue itself. The arm of the angel at the top is positioned in such a way as to create the appearance of her peering outward as if guiding a ship with the cross acting as its mast. This is significant because of the Rosicrucians alleged association with the secret group known as the Prieuré de Sion. The Grand Masters of the Prieuré de Sion were known as "Nautonniers" an old French term meaning 'navigator' or 'helmsman'.13 (Knowledge of the Prieuré de Sion is based on a document known as the Dossiers Secrets which was deposited in the Bibliotèque Nationale sometime in the 1950s or 1960s.13b The existence of the Prieuré de Sion has never been fully proven and has even been believed by some to have been a hoax.)

The letters "BS", which shows the reversal of the name Simon Baruch, is just one of the many connections that Saunière is trying to make by all of this. Artist and alchemical researcher, Adam McLean didn't have any information on Simon Baruch, a name which he believed had likely been made up. He said the word "Barûkh" in Hebrew meant "blessed". He also pointed to a non-canonical Biblical work called the "Book of Baruch" that may be connected in some way. Baruch's engravings, which are found in the book of Abraham Eleazar, known as the book by Abraham the Jew, are all about alchemy. Abraham Eleazar's book also contained a series of engravings by Nicholas Flamel,14 the famous medieval alchemist who was alleged to have been Grand Master of the Prieuré de Sion between 1398-1418.15 This may indicate that Simon Baruch is actually Nicholas Flamel.

In the introduction to Abraham Eleazar's book, it said Abraham Eleazar was a "Jew, a Prince, Priest, and Levite, Astrologer and Philosopher" who sprang from the roots of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. In the first paragraph of the work, there is also mention of the great profit Elias.16 The reference to the name Elias reiterates the connection of the symbols to Elias Ashmole and the Shugborough monument.

On the Shugborough monument, the letters "SON" spell the end of the word "MASON". The letter "O" at the end stands for "Operative" a form of Freemasonry. "Operative" was a term that was used to refer to working masons. I believe the term also became identified with mathematicians and scientists in the 1600s. Elias Ashmole was supposed to have been the first Operative Mason of any consequence.17 In extracts from the Theosophical Writings of H.P. Blavatsky, it was reported that Elias Ashmole was admitted to the freedom of the Operative Masons' company in London in 1646. Blavatsky further reported that Elias Ashmole, was the celebrated antiquarian, who founded the museum of Oxford and was initiated together with Colonel Mainwarring in the Brotherhood of the working Masons in Warrington. She recounted how "the entrance of such men as Elias Ashmole into the Operative Fraternity paved the way for the great 'Masonic Revolution of 1717', when SPECULATIVE Masonry came into existence." 18

In A Chronology of the History of Freemasonry it was reported, "In this year, of 1646, a company of Rosy Croix that had been formed in London according to the ideas of Bacon's New Atlantis, assembled in the conference room of the Masons. Elias Ashmole, who was a member, and the other Brothers of the Rosy Croix, rectified the formulas of reception of these workmen, which consisted of some ceremonies similar to those used among all the professionals, and substituted a mode of initiation which they copied, partly, from the old mysteries of Egypt and Greece."19

It is in fact Greek mythology that plays a role in deciphering the bottom letters on the monument "D M". These letters which when reversed, like Poussin's painting, spell MD, meaning medical doctor. Ashmole was an M.D., Oxford had conferred the title of M.D. on him in 1669.20

The symbol for the medical profession is the symbol of the caduceus, which is related to Hermeticism and the Greek god Hermes. Hermes plays a significant role in the mythology of the Masons. Hermes was part of the alchemical images circulating at the time. Hermes is part of the word Hermaphrodite, and androgyny and hermaphroditic figures also play a role in Masonic, pagan and alchemical mythology. Below is a picture taken from an Engraving of Ashmole's Theatrum Chemcicum Britannicum, 1652, which was copied by Adam McLean.21


© Adam McLean

Hermes is in the top centre holding the caduceus symbol in one hand and the six pointed star in the other. The fact Ashmole was a famous Operative Mason and the cover of his book appears with the caduceus symbol relates this symbol to the Operative Masons. The serpent symbolized the goddess in ancient pagan cultures. In ancient Egypt Isis was depicted as a serpent. The female on the right looks as if she has a fish tail as does the figure on top of the monument in the centre of the engraving. These symbols are all important as they relate to Masonic symbolism and the ancient pagan mythology related to the Merovingians. This goddess figure is identified with the Shepherdess. In the pagan religion, it was the Shepherdess rather than the Shepherd who guided the flock. In the pagan religion the female was spiritually superior to the male.

In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, various scientists were connected with the Masonic societies because it was mathematics and geometry that Masons used to build their structures. Masonry came to be a symbol for advanced science, which was rooted in the myth of Asmodeus (also known as Ashmedai) who was supposed to have been the builder of Solomon's temple. As was mentioned previously, he appeared at the entrance to the church at Rennes-le-Château. According to the Haggadah, when Solomon was erecting the Temple, "he did not know how to get the blocks of marble into shape, since, according to the law (Ex. xx. 26), they might not be worked by an iron tool." The reference to marble associates it with the Shugborough monument, which is a marble bas-relief. The myth goes on to say that the wise men advised Solomon to obtain "the 'shamir'", a worm whose mere touch could cleave rocks. But to obtain it was no slight task; for not even the demons, who knew so many secrets, knew where the shamir, was to be found. They surmised, however, that Ashmedai, king of the demons, was in possession of the secret, and they told Solomon the name of the mountain on which Ashmedai dwelt…"22 The shamir likely became a symbol of an advanced scientific instrument capable of shaping marble, which is why Ashmedai became identified with the scientists and alchemists of the day. Ashmedai was also associated with the pagan religion. The names Ashmedai and Asmodeus are strikingly similar to the last name of Elias Ashmole and was likely another clue to the meaning of the Shugborough monument and its identification as an Operative Masonic temple.

Ashmedai's association with Solomon's temple also connects him to the figure of Hiram Abiff, who was supposed to have been the architect of Solomon's temple, and a key figure in Masonic rituals. William Harvey, J.P., F.S.A. (Scot.) Provincial Grand Master of Forfarshire, reported the name Hiram Abiff was undoubtedly Phoenician, but that there was some confusion, as to its actual form. "'Hiram' is the more common rendering, but the author of the Chronicles adheres to the spelling 'Huram,' and other writers adopt the variant 'Hirom.' Mr J. F. Stenning says that it is equivalent to 'Ahiram,' and means 'the exalted one'. According to Movers, Hiram or Huram, is the name of a deity, and means 'the coiled or twisted one,' but other scholars regard this derivation as very improbable." My research indicates this last definition is accurate and reiterates the connection of Hiram to Ashmedai.22a According to legend, Hiram Abiff was murdered by one of three workers who assaulted him in their attempt to discover the secret he held. Hiram Abiff's secret was never divulged and his body was hidden outside the city walls, where it remained until recovered by Solomon.23

"The Raising of the Master", a sketch done by the seventeenth century artist Giovanni Francesco Guercino, depicts the story of Hiram Abiff. Guercino's sketch also incorporated the compasses as well as other themes from Masonic rituals and is now owned by the Supreme Grand Royal Arch Chapter of Scotland, Edinburgh.24 Guercino had also painted "Et in Arcadia Ego" in 1618, which was also the name of Poussin's earlier painting of the Shepherd's monument.24a In Guercino's paining there was a skull, which is an important Masonic and Knights Templar symbol. Masonic themes can be found throughout Guercino's other works.

Guercino was born in Cento on February 2, 1591(?), and died in Bologna on December 2, 1666(?)24b In 1665 Poussin had died in Rome. Is it possible that foul play could have been invovled in the artists' deaths? The timing of their deaths coincided with the imprisonment of Nicholas Fouquet in 1665 relating to a letter written by Fouquet's brother Abbé Louis Fouquet to Nicholas about a "secret", which Louis Fouquet had learned after meeting with Poussin in 1656. Part of the letter that Louis had written to his brother Nicholas Fouquet appeared in The Holy Blood and The Holy Grail and is quoted below.

"He and I discussed certain things, which I shall with ease be able to explain to you in detail - things which will give you, through Monsieur Poussin, advantages which even kings would have great pains to draw from him, and which, according to him, it is possible that nobdoby else will ever rediscover in the centuries to come. And what is more, these are things so difficult to discover that nothing now on this earth can prove of better fortune nor be their equal."24c

My research indicates the "secret" being referred to in this passage involves the Merovingians. The Masonic symbols on the Shugborough monument are related to an ancient pagan religion associated with the Merovingians. According to legend, the Merovingians traced their ancestry back to Merovée, a semimythical person who was born of two fathers. One was a king named Clodio and the other a sea monster that seduced his mother when she was swimming in the sea. The Merovingians were supposed to have been descended from aliens, who were the offspring of "nephilim" or fallen angels. Because of their ancestory, Merovée and his descendants were reputed to have supernatural powers and unnaturally long lives.24d

The Merovingian bloodline appeared in the Da Vinci Code fiction, where the Frankish royal family was supposed to be descended from Jesus and Mary Magdalene. According to my research, the Merovingian bloodline is much older than the biblical Jesus and Mary Magdalene. It predates these myths by thousands of years.

Through my research of the ancient African Dogon religion, I have found links between the fish-like alien Nummo, the Shugborough Monument, the Masonic symbols and the Merovingians. My research indicates the Dogon religion is the pagan mystery religion thought to have been lost to humanity. According to the Dogon, the serpent and fish like alien beings known as Nummo came to Earth from another star system. They were associated with both the Sirius and Pleiades star systems. These green amphibious beings were identified with the Philistine god Dagon, which is likely the root of the Merovingian name Dagobert.

Research indicates that Poussin was well aware of the fish and serpent like alien beings connected to the Merovingians. In the "Et in Arcadia Ego" he painted the river god Alpheus who was identified with the "source" or the "Alpha" relating him to the garden of Eden and Adam and Eve. The river Alpheus is a central river in the actual geographical Arcadia in Greece, which flows underground and is said to surface at the Fountain of Arethusa in Sicily and is deemed to be sacred." 24e The River god is also associated with the alien Nummo and the Merovingians.

According to the Dogon, these androgynous and immortal aliens procreated with the animals of Earth to create humanity. Even though they were androgynous, they were identified as being females and later evolved into the mythology of the goddess. The Dogon had knowledge of DNA and in the Dogon religion the two "V's", which later became associated with the Masonic Society, represented dual chromosomes and was said to be "Amma forming two points." 24f The Dogon also had advanced knowledge of the solar system and spoke of the red dwarf star Sirius B to anthropologists Marcel Griaule and Germaine Dieterlen 50 years before it was discovered by modern day astronomers in 1995.24g

In the Dogon religion, the red dwarf star was identified with the serpent goddess and hermaphroditic pagan Christ figure known as "The Master of Speech". This individual's DNA was supposed to provide hope for humanity and eventually allow all humans to evolve into spiritual and immortal beings.24h I believe this serpent goddess figure is the source of the symbolism associated with the document, Le Serpent Rouge that was found in October 1997 in Rennes-le-Château and produced by Pierre Jarnac. Marcus Williamson and Corella Hughes first became aware of the existence of Le Serpent Rouge in an appendix to the book Genesis by David Wood.24i The Dogon religion is in fact an earlier version of the biblical Genesis.

Many of the Masonic symbols appear in the Dogon religion, including the black and white chequered blanket known as the pall of the dead. In the Dogon religion, Lébé was represented as the ancestor of humanity and was born from two of the serpent fish like Nummo/human mothers.24j This may have been the source of the Merovingian myths relating to Merovée having been born of two fathers. Symbols relating to the sacred feminine were later reversed by patriarchal societies and figures like the sun goddess became the sun god. In the same instance the two mothers may have been turned into the two fathers. This individual is also the probable source of the Merlin myths. Merlin was said to have had no mortal father.24k

According to the Dogon, the alien Nummo lived high in the mountains in caves as well as underground because the sunlight dried out their skin. Because they were amphibious, they needed to keep moist in order to stay alive. The "underground stream" associated with the mythology of the Rosicrucians, and the River God Alpheus found in Poussin's painting, "Et in Arcadia Ego", are related to the Nummo. The Nummo were described as being green serpent like beings with horns or casques on top of their heads.24l I believe the figure of Baphomet and worshipped by the Templars was a representation of the Nummo.24m

Not only did Poussin know about the alien beings relating to the Merovingians but he was also associated with this secret Masonic political group identified with the exiled Stuarts who had been in France since the execution of Charles I in 1649. The connection is important because the Stuarts were part of the Merovingian bloodline.24n This theory connects both Poussin and Guercino with the Masons, this political group, and the pagan religion related to the Merovingians. The secrets involved with these groups could have been misconstrued by Louis XIV of France, who might have felt his own throne threatened in lieu of what had happened to Charles I. It could explain why he had Nicholas Fouquet arrested and later imprisoned. Poussin was known as a keeper of secrets and signed his work "Tenet Confidentiam".24o Both Poussin and Guercino would have chosen death emulating their hero Hiram Abiff, than to reveal the secrets they knew relating to the Merovingians and the Stuarts.

Because the Jacobites were Catholics, it could also explain why later Catholics including the Parish Priest Berenger Saunière were involved with the Masonic Society. It may also explain the significance of the wreath with the upside down keys that Saunière had put over the entrance way to the church at Rennes-le-Château shown below. The wreath with upright keys is a Masonic symbol.


© Alan Scott 2005

According to Alan Scott, this is the crest of Pope Leo XIII.24p The upside down keys were likely another clue to the fact the letters on the top of the Shugborough monument were meant to be flipped. This association with Pope Leo XIII is important in the context of the Masonic Society, science and hermeticism. On February 20 1878, Leo XIII was elected to succeed Pope Pius IX. Leo XIII worked to encourage an understanding between the Church and the modern world, which had been damaged by Pius IX's uncompromising Syllabus of Errors. The Syllabus of Errors had been "issued in 1864 condemning as heresy 80 propositions, many on political topics, which were at the foundation of scientific, rational secular society." One of the propositions included condemning secret societies including Freemasonry. He also objected to the statement that human reason was "...the sole arbiter of truth and falsehood, and of good and evil".

Pope Leo XIII firmly re-asserted the scholastic doctrine that science and religion co-existed together. He even opened some of the Vatican archives to screened historians. In later years his bull Apostolicae Curae of 1896 condemned Freemasory, suggesting a reversal of his earlier statements.24q This could also explain why the Mason's symbol of the wreath and the keys are shown flipped to that of the Pope's crest. Leo XIII crest is also the keystone of the doorway to the church at Rennes-le-Château. The papacy's on and off again relationship with Freemasonry could explain some of the confusion relating to Catholicism and Freemasonry. The close association of Masonic symbols with the pagan religion no doubt contributed to the Catholic Church's final rejection of Freemasonry. The pagan religion indicates the Merovingians existed long before Christianity ever came into existence. In fact the figure associated with the Merovingians was the pagan Christ figure of the Dogon religion, which my research indicates later evolved into the Christ figure of Christianity.

Compare the following Masonic altars with the picture of the Shugborough monument, which is on the top left of this group of altars. The bottom section of the Shugborough altar also appeared in the engraving of Ashmole's Theatrum Chemcicum Britannicum, 1652 which was shown earlier.

 25

26 27

28    29

One of the drawings is dated 1780. The Anson family apparently built the Shugborough monument somewhere between 1761 and 176730 so this drawing is from the same time period. On the last 2 drawings of the Masonic altars a circular wreath appears at the top centre on the keystone. These wreaths resemble a close up of the wreath on the top of the Shugborough monument shown below.



A second wreath appears in the centre of the Shugborough monument above the keystone. Compare it to the Masonic symbols of the keys and wreath beside it. They form an "X" which is also associated with the Masonic crossbone.

   31

A similar wreath also appears on the Original Visigothic Pillar that used to support the old altar in the church at Rennes-le-Château. It can now be found in the museum there and is shown below. The left side of the cross depicts the wreath with the crossed lines. One line is inside the wreath and one line is outside of the wreath. This is identical to the wreath that appears in the picture above from the Shugborough monument.


© René Meyer 2003

The front of the cross depicts a Masonic cross and is dated 1681. As was mentioned earlier, the cross had been displayed upside down in the church, another clue to the flipped letters on the Shugborough monument. The inscription "Mission 1861" had been added to the foot of the upside down cross by the priest Berenger Saunière. It was one of two Visigothic stone pillars which had supported the original white marble altar in the church. He made these changes to the cross when he removed the pillars that supported the altar. The picture shown above is the only one of the two pillars that still remains.31a The fact the original altar was white marble also connects it to the Shugborough monument. When the cross is shown upright in its correct position, as it is in this picture, it reveals the date 1681.32

The date 1681 relates to one of the ciphers associated with Rennes-le-Château that made reference to "Peace 681" and talked about in the Holy Blood Holy Grail.32a In Freemasonry, "Royal and Select Masters" date years from the year in which the Temple of Solomon was completed. It is called Anno Depositionis (A.D.) - "In the year of the Deposit" and adds 1000 to the common time.33 Therefore the year "681" in the cipher becomes "1681" relating to the year on the cross. "Royal and Select Masters" are related to a cryptic form of Freemasonry.

According to Paul M. Bessel, the Cryptic degrees are centered on stories involving a vault or crypt where certain treasures were hidden beneath King Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem for very specific purposes." One theory is that the Jacobite Masons created the Cryptic Rite. The association of the Shugborough monument with Rennes-le-Château, the cipher and the Visigothic pillar would support this theory.

Bessel further reported,"the Stuart exiles living in France in the early 1700's, sometimes called 'Jacobites' from the Latin form of the name for James, were involved in Freemasonry. Some Masonic lodges in France and Italy were made up completely of Jacobites, and the grandson of James II, 'Bonnie Prince Charlie' was definitely an active Mason. In 1745, the same year he attempted to invade England, he became the Grand Master of the Masonic Knights Templar, and also formed a Chapter of Rose Croix."

The Jacobite Masons "considered the death of Hiram Abiff to represent the execution by the English Parliament of Charles I, the father of James II, and the raising of Hiram Abiff to represent the coming restoration to the English throne of the Stuart Kings. The 'Royal Master' was the Stuart claimant to the throne, who was called by some the 'Pretender' to the throne (at first James II, then his son James III, and then the grandson, Charles), and the secret vault was the place where the Jacobites plotted their return to power. The 'Select Masters' were the closest companions of the 'Pretender'. The ritual of the 'Select Master's' degree can easily be seen to be that of a secret political movement, if one believes this theory," Bessel reported.34

The peace of 1681 that is being referred to in the cipher is when Charles II dissolved Parliament for the last time to prevent parliament from passing the Exclusion Bill which would have prevented Charles' brother James II from being the heir to the throne. Since Charles didn't have any legitimate children, parliament feared James II would become heir thereby bringing a Catholic king to the throne. James II had refused to become a protestant like his brother Charles to appease parliament. After the dissolution of the Parliament of 1681, no further Parliaments were called. Charles, whose popularity was very high at the time, allowed James II to return to England in 1682. It is interesting to note that on his death bed Charles II converted back to Catholicism.35

These associations are important considering the connections between Rennes-le-Château, Staffordshire and the Shugborough monument.

Baigent, Leigh and Lincoln reported that Staffordshire had been a hot bed for Masonic activity in the early and mid-seventeenth century and that in 1688, shortly before he had been deposed, James II had created the Radclyffes earls of Derwentwater. Charles Radclyffe was born in 1693. His mother had been an illegitimate daughter of Charles II by his mistress, Moll Davies. Radclyffe was thus on his mother's side of royal blood- a grandson of the next to last Stuart monarch. He was a cousin of Bonnie Prince Charles and of George Lee, Earl of Lichfield- another illegitimate grandson of Charles II.35a When Charles Radclyffe, another alleged Grand Master of the Prieuré de Sion,35b escaped from Newgate Prison in 1714, he was aided by his cousin, the Earl of Lichfield. In 1746, Charles Radclyffe died beneath the headsman's axe at the Tower of London. This was approximately 14 or 15 years before the Shugborough monument was built. This would suggest that earlier connections with Rennes-le-Château involving the Rosicrucians, the Merovingians, the Operative Masons and the alchemist Elias Ashmole, later became used to provide a meeting place for the exiled Jacobites and their English sympathisers. Both the Shugborough monument and Rennes-le-Château were probably used as meeting places in both England and France for the exiled Stuarts.

The political group associated with the Masons was likely created at the time of Charles execution in 1649. As was discussed earlier, records show that Elias Ashmole had been sworn in to Operative Masonic groups in London and in Warrington, which was in Lancashire in 1646. The group associated with Staffordshire had to have been formed around the same time or perhaps even earlier. The Operative Masons associated with these groups may have provided the backbone for the army used in the uprisings.

The Rosslyn Chapel in Scotland was likely a third meeting place for this political group. The Sinclairs were also connected to the Merovingian bloodline. The heads found on the top of the Shugborough monument are also related to the carvings of the "Master Mason" and "The Apprentice" found in the Rosslyn Chapel, which is likewise associated with the Masonic Society and the Knights Templar. It was believed the original carving of "The Apprentice" in the Rosslyn Chapel had been altered and the individual in the sculpture originally had had a full beard. According to Scottish Templar historian Chev. Robert Brydon, the carving was very likely originally not that of an "apprentice" at all, as in ancient and medieval times only Master Masons were allowed to sport full beards, which implies the original carving was that of a "murdered Master" and not a "murdered apprentice".35c This would associate the carving with Hiram Abiff, the murdered architect of Solomon's Temple, who as was mentioned previously, symbolically represented the executed Charles I.

The sculpture of the "Master Mason" may have been altered in the 1600 or 1700s to protect its association with Charles I and the Jacobite uprising. The story about the murdered apprentice was probably fabricated at that time. Neither head on the Shugborough monument has a beard which would fit with this theory. The heads on the monument were likely displayed this way to protect the Masonic altar's association with the exiled Jacobites. It is interesting to note that a beardless head also appeared on the top centre above the keystone of the "Alchemical Door" in Italy talked about earlier and created in 1680 by the Marquis Massimigliano Palombara. It is quite possible the "Alchemical Door" in Italy provided another meeting location for Italian sympathisers of this group.

According to Masonic historical records James II, King of Scotland, had appointed William Sinclair, Baron of Roslyn, head and governor of the Masons "...The king wanted this dignity to be hereditary in his family and to belong to those that succeeded the barons of Roslyn (2). The title remained, indeed, in the family of Sinclair until in the year 1736, the time when the Grand Lodge of Saint John of Edinburgh was established."39

It further reported, "Masonry flourished under the kings of Scotland who succeeded James II. James VI particularly protected it."40

Baigent, Leigh and Lincoln authors of The Holy Blood Holy Grail reported that the Sinclair family was the Scottish branch of the Norman Saint-Clair/Gisors family. Their domain at Rosslyn was only a few miles from the former Scottish headquarters of the Knights Templar. The chapel at Rosslyn was built between 1446 and 1486 and was long associated with both Freemasonry and the Rose-Croix or Rosicrucians.41 As was mentioned previously, Elias Ashmole was also a Rosicrucian.

Baigent, Leigh and Lincoln further reported that in 1613 Frederick of the Palatinate had married Elizabeth Stuart. She was daughter of James I of England, granddaughter of Mary Queen of Scots and great grand daughter of Marie De Guise and Guise was the cadet branch of the house of Lorraine. Marie de Guise, a century before, had been married to the duke of Longueville and then, on his death, to James V of Scotland. This created a dynastic alliance between the house of Stuart and Lorraine. After Frederick's marriage to Elizabeth Stuart, he established an esoterically oriented court at his capital at Heidelberg. This culture was defined by Yates as "Rosicrucian".

"The Frederickian movement …was an attempt to give those currents politico-religious expression, to realize the ideal of Hermetic reform centered on a real prince…It…created a culture, a 'Rosicrucian' state with its court centered on Heidelberg."42

In 1618 Frederick accepted the crown of Bohemia, offered by the country's rebellious nobles. He angered the papacy and the Holy Roman Empire resulting into the Thirty Years War. By 1620 he and Elizabeth had been driven into exile in Holland, and Heidelberg was crawling with Catholic troops.43

It was the alchemical and Rosicrucian movement in connection with the Masonic society that identified Elias Ashmole with these secret groups. Robert Denyau had reported that Jean de Gisors had founded the Rose-Croix in 1188.44 Gisors was also alleged to have been the first Grand Master of the Prieuré de Sion.45

The Rosicrucian manifestos promised a transformation of the world and of human knowledge in relation to esoteric, Heremetic principles. One of the tracts was the Chemical Wedding of Christain Rosenkreuz written in 1616 by German theologican Johann Valentin Andrea, another alleged Grand Master of the Prieuré de Sion.46 Andrea admitted to writing the Chemical Wedding of Christian Rosenkreuz in 1616. The Rosicrucian tracts claimed the existence of a secret brother hood found by one Christian Rosenkreuz, who was born in 1378 and died in 1484.47

Andrea apparently created a network of secret societies known as Christian Unions. Each society was headed by an anonymous prince, assisted by twelve others divided into groups of three with each being a specialist in a given field of study. The primary focus of the Christian Unions was to preserve threatened knowledge and scientific advances that the Church deemed heretical. Scholars, scientists, philosophers and esotericists found a haven in these unions and many were smuggled through them to safety in England where they became closely associated with Masonic circles. They were intimate with Robert Moray, Elias Ashmole and Robert Boyle.48

"During Cromwell's Protectorate, these dynamic minds both English and European formed what Boyle - in a deliberate echo of the 'Rosicrucian' manifestos- called an 'invisible college'. And with the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, the 'invisible college' became the Royal Society."49

Charles II had been instrumental in getting the society its charter in 1662 and became a member of the group.50 The common theme among the scientists who began the Society was acquiring knowledge by experimental investigation. The first group of such men included Robert Moray, whose was one of the earliest on record to be inducted into a Masonic lodge in 1641,51 Robert Boyle, who was listed as another alleged Grand Master of the Prieuré de Sion,52 John Wilkins, John Wallis, John Evelyn, Christopher Wren and William Petty.53 Elias Ashmole had also been a founding member of the Society.54

Virtually all the Royal Society's founding members were Freemasons. It was argued in The Holy Blood Holy Grail that the Royal Society was a Masonic institution - derived through Johann Valentine Andrea's Christian Unions, from the 'invisible Rosicrucian brotherhood'.55

The first European prince to become a Mason and to publicize his Masonic affiliations was François Duke of Lorraine who was initiated in 1731 at The Hague by Jean Desaguliers, a friend of Newton's. Newton was alleged to have been another Grand Master of the Prieuré de Sion.55a In 1735 François married Maria Theresa of Austria and linked the house of Habsburg and Lorraine and inaugurated the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. He was at this time the Holy Roman Emperor. His court at Vienna became Europe's Masonic capital. He also spent time in England and became a member of the Gentleman's Club of Spalding. François who was a practising alchemist also had an alchemical laboratory in the imperial palace, the Hofburg. When he became grand duke of Tuscany, he was able to prevent the Inquisition's harassment of Freemasons in Florence.56 It was because of Francois' protection, that Charles Radclyffe, who had founded the first Masonic lodge on the continent, had been able to leave behind his Masonic legacy.59

According to Baigent, Leigh and Lincoln, the Archduke Johann von Habsburg, cousin of Franz-Josef, Emperor of Austria had visited the parish priest Berenger Saunière at Rennes-le-Château in the late 1800s. They had opened consecutive bank accounts with the Archduke making a substantial transfer to Saunière's account. Saunière used the money to redecorate the church.60 There were various changes made in the church including the addition of the statue of Asmodeus or Ashmedai, the statue of the angels and salamanders, the creation of the crest of Leo III over the archway, and the building of the statue of St. John baptising Christ with the letter "M" hanging from his cross.61 This association of the Masonic Habsburg's with Rennes-le-Château is important because it reiterates Rennes-le-Château's connection with the Masonic Society and the Shugborough monument.

The Anson history indicates they were heavily involved in the secret societies relating to the Masons. Shugborough was purchased by the first Anson family in 1624. In 1693 William Anson demolished the existing building and began laying the foundations for a new house. He died in 1720 and the property was inherited by Thomas Anson. In 1730 Thomas Anson became Fellow of the Royal Society. His proposers were William Jones (mathematician) and the Rev Zachary Pearce (vicar of St Martin-in-the-Fields). In 1732 Thomas Anson and Lord Sandwich founded the Dilettanti Society to promote the study of Ancient Greek Art and Buildings. The Dilettanti Society was an exclusive Dining-Club that had been formed to advance the cultured tastes of Gentlemen who had been on the Grand Tour to Italy. 62

The fact that Thomas Anson was associated with the Royal Society reaffirms that the Ansons were heavily invovled with the Masonic Society. It is interesting that he founded the Dilettanti Society. I believe that the Ansons may have also been involved or were privy to information about the excavations that went on in Herculaneum and may have found something of historic and scientific significance there that reaffirmed their beliefs. The marble from the Shugborough monument may have even come from Herculaneum.

Herculaneum was an ancient city of Italy, situated about two-thirds of a mile from the Portici station of the railway from Naples to Pompeii. It was preserved, along with Pompeii, in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius beginning on August 24, A.D. 79 that destroyed the towns, burying them in ash that had hardened into volcanic tufa.63 In contrast to Pompeii, Herculaneum was a smaller town with a wealthier population at the time of its destruction. 64 The temple of Jerusalem had been sacked by Titus in 70 AD. Is it possible that some of the religious artifacts had ended up in Herculaneum and had been buried there by the ash?

Between 1709 and 1716 a workman sinking a well in a monastery in Resina struck the seats in Herculaneum's theatre and brought up samples of rare marble.65 The site didn't really become popular until 1719, when Prince Elbeuf of the house of Lorraine, in command of the armies of Charles VI, was seeking crushed marble to make plaster for his new villa near Portici. While digging he learned from the peasants that there were pits from which they not only quarried excellent marble, but had extracted many statues over the years.66 He ordered the area to be deepened and exploratory tunnels to be dug. Part of a statue of Hercules and three female statues were found, as well as the inscription 'Appius Pulcher' who was a governor of Sicily and friend of the Roman statesman Cicero. The prince plundered most of what he found to decorate his house, but sent the group of female statues to Prince Eugene of Savoy in Vienna.67

Between 1738-45 Charles, 18-year-old king of Naples and Sicily, ordered that excavations to be resumed. He employed a Spanish military engineer, Joaquin de Alcubierre, and his court engineers to have shafts and tunnels dug into the city. Few records were kept and bronze letters were apparently removed without transcribing the inscriptions. The Theatre of Hercules was also identified. Many finds were removed to the palace in Naples. For some reason the king had decided that the treasures would remain secret and it was forbidden for anyone to sketch or write about them. 68 Why were the treasures to be kept secret, what did they prove or represent? In 1739, an account of the excavations, written by Charles De Brosses, was sent to the French Academy and news of the finds began to disseminate throughout Europe. 69 In 1740 Thomas Anson visited Alexandria, Rosetta, Cairo and Aleppo, amongst other places. 70

Thomas' brother George Anson had become a post captain in the navy in 1724 and in 1744 George Anson returned from his circumnavigation of the Globe in the Centurion. Could he have stopped somewhere near Herculaneum on his return? During the War of the Austrian Succession, which went on between 1740-48, he had commanded HMS Centurian on a mission to harass and capture Spanish ships en-route from Acapulco to the Philippines. Anson returned to England after having captured the Señora de Cavadonga, a galleon containing an immense amount of treasure worth around £500,000. His new wealth bought him status and privileges and he rose to become Admiral of the Fleet.71 In 1745 Transformations began at Shugborough.72 Could the marble for the shepherd's monument have come from Herculaneum?

It was believed that by 1745 all the treasures had been found at Herculaneum. The discovery had excited scholars of all nations; and many of them hurried to Naples to see the marvellous statues and wall paintings. But everything was kept private, as the government wished to reserve to itself the right of illustrating the monuments.

Between 1748-9 royal permission was granted to excavate at Herculaneum again at Civitas. The temple of Fortuna Augusta was found at that time but little else.73

The goddess Fortuna Augusta is a significant pagan goddess. The prow, rudder and globe are all symbols relating to the Roman goddess Fortuna. In pagan cultures she was identified with the goddess Rosmerta who was often seen paired with Hermes/Mercury. A stone plaque of Mercury and Rosmerta from first or second century AD from Glanum, near Saint Rémy de Provence, France shows Rosmerta holding a cornucopia, symbol of abundance and Fortuna's emblems of rudder and globe. Hermes was carrying the caduceus.74 My research indicates Fortuna was the Roman equivalent of Isis. The fact she was associated with a rudder and prow identified her with the sea. As was mentioned earlier when referring to the angels in the church at Rennes-le-Château, the alleged Grand Masters of the Prieuré de Sion were known as "Nautonniers" an old French term meaning 'navigator' or 'helmsman'.75 This would have associated her with this group.

Between 1748-9, the Spanish military engineer, Joaquin de Alcubierre, had been joined at the Herculaneum excavation by Swiss architect and the father of modern archaeology, Karl Weber, who was much more conscientious in his methods.

In 1762- German art historian Johann Joachim Winkelmann wrote an open letter to scholars all over Europe attacking the mismanaged excavation and disgraceful cataloguing and preservation that held sway at Herculaneum and Civitas, despite Weber's efforts.76 This letter was so important to the Anson estate that it was kept by the Anson family when everything except family photos had been sold in 1842 to cover gambling debts. 77 Why would this letter have been so important to the estate? The fact it was kept suggests that it had a significant connection.

In 1765 the temple of Isis was also discovered. The impact of the Herculaneum excavation in the latter part of the 18th century was unprecedented in Europe. It had an enormous influence on culture, fashion, decorative art, fine art and literature. In 1775, 20 years after he visited Herculaneum and Pompeii, Robert Adam (1728-92), architect of the king's works, came up with a design for an Etruscan room at 20 Portman Square, London. It was never built but there was an Etruscan dressing-room at Osterley outside London that was influenced by the ruins of Pompeii. James Stuart (1713-88), who visited Pompeii in 1754, created and built a purely Pompeian 'Painted Room' in London's Spencer House in 1759. The work of Charles Cameron (1745-1812) at St Petersburg for Catherine the Great was also full of a Pompeian influence.78

Thomas Anson served as a Member of Parliament for Lichfield beginning in 1747. When his brother George died in 1762, Thomas inherited all his brother's enormous fortune.79 The depth of the Anson interest in pagan and Masonic mythology was evident by the poem that was read in parliament when George died. The poem related to the Shepherd's monument, Arcadia and the Elysian plains and had a reference to "reasons finger pointing at the tomb".80 At that time in history, "reason" was identified with science and hermeticism. The late 1700s was the period of the age of reason. In the poem there was also a reference to the lover's breast and the marble associated with the monument. Reason, which was the finger pointing at the tomb was alluding to the fact that even in Arcadia there exists mortality.

These references relate to the pagan mythology and a story of forbidden love. The Shugborough Coat of Arms also contains the three key symbols of the Dogon pagan religion. Read about these associations in this next article on Shugborough.

For more information on the Dogon religion read The Master of Speech. A sample chapter of the book can be found at themasterofspeech.com or you can also purchase The Master Of Speech. You may also wish to read another article relating to a Masonic anagram found on the Shugborough Monument. If you would like to contact the author, email sd@themasterofspeech.com You can also refer to the author's second book, The Nummo.

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2http://freemasonry.bcy.ca/texts/EliasAshmole.html Grand Lodge of Yukon and British Columbia. Elias Ashmole
3Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh and Henry Lincoln p.39.
4http://www.rennes-discovery.com/visigothic_pillar4.htm Alan Scott 2005
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the%20right%20angle%20p2.htm From the Theosophical Writings of H.P. Blavatsky compiled by Geoffrey Farthing.
18http://www.blavatskytrust.org.uk/html/articles/
the%20right%20angle%20p2.htm From the Theosophical Writings of H.P. Blavatsky compiled by Geoffrey Farthing.
19http://members.optusnet.com.au/skyecn/althory.htm Translation Stuart Nettleton 1999. A Chronology of the History of Freemasonry.
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21A076 Engraving from Ashmole's Theatrum Chemcicum Britannicum, 1652. http://www.levity.com/alchemy/emb_hermes.html ©Adam McLean 1998-2004.
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24lShannon Dorey, The Master Of Speech. 2002. Revised edition March 2005. Trafford, Victoria B.C. pp. 4-19.
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31ahttp://www.rennes-discovery.com/visigothic_pillar.htm Alan Scott
32http://www.rennes-discovery.com/visigothic_pillar4.htm Alan Scott Photo by © René Meyer 2003.
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39http://members.optusnet.com.au/skyecn/althory.htm Translation Stuart Nettleton 1999. AChronology of the History of Freemasonry.
40http://members.optusnet.com.au/skyecn/althory.htm Translation Stuart Nettleton 1999. AChronology of the History of Freemasonry.
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54Gerry Rose,"The Venetian Takeover of England and Its Creation of Freemasonry
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78http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/P/pompeii/unreveal.htm Unravelling the Mystery (1503-1835)
79http://priory-of-sion.com/psp/id16.html Shugborough Hall. Paul Smith
80Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh and Henry Lincoln p.191.


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